Knowledge Base

Electromagnetic Radiation, RF Pulses and RadarA radar transmitter generates multiple forms of electromagnetic energy. This energy is amplified and transmitted and ultimately is reflected off a target, received and the difference in time and frequency of the transmit signal verses the received signal is used to determine the distance and velocity of a target.Referring to figure 1; a pulse of...

Aspheric optics are commonly used in advanced optical systems, such as AR/VR headsets, surveillance systems and semiconductor applications, to minimize size, weight, and cost. Achieving the required level of performance requires stringent control in the machining and metrology of the optics. One of the manufacturing tools used to make precision aspheres is a single point diamond turning lathe like those...

Wikipedia definition:Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is the ability of electrical equipment and systems to function acceptably in their electromagnetic environment, by limiting the unintentional generation, propagation and reception of electromagnetic energy which may cause unwanted effects such as electromagnetic interference (EMI) or even physical damage in operational equipment. The goal of EMC is the correct operation of different equipment in a...

by  Foteini M. Sapountzi (Syngaschem BV), Marek Lavorenti (Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology), Wilbert Vrijburg (VSPARTICLE BV), Sofia Dimitriadou (VSPARTICLE BV), Beata Tyburska-Pueschel (Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research), Peter Thüne (Fontys University of Applied Sciences), Hans Niemantsverdriet (Syngaschem BV), Tobias V. Pfeiffer (VSPARTICLE BV) and Mihalis N. Tsampas...

WHY IS SEM IMAGING USED TO STUDY STYROFOAM? SEM imaging is an ideal tool to check the size and homogeneity of the cells in the polymer foam structure, and if the material has a closed or open cell structure. Other elements that can be studied are the foaming and cell formation efficiency, and how different agents influence these processes. Chemical...

WHY IS SEM IMAGING USED TO STUDY GLASS FIBRES? SEM imaging is an ideal tool to check the homogeneity, compactness aof glass fibres in a polymer matrix. Other defects such as poor adhesion of the fibres to the polymer matrix (shown as clean fibres) can also easily be detected. Chemical microanalysis techniques (EDS) used in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy...

WHY IS SEM IMAGING USED TO STUDY NANOFIBRES? SEM imaging is an ideal tool to check the homogeneity and diameter of nanofibres. SEM manufacturers have developed specific software applications for a fully automatic fibre diameter distribution measurement. Nanofibres are also used in air filtration applications for antibacterial and nanoparticle applications. SEM imaging (eventually combined with EDS chemical microanalysis techniques) to...

WHY IS SEM IMAGING USED TO STUDY FACE MASKS? SEM imaging is an ideal tool to check the homogeneity, compactness and average diameter of fibres in the different face mask layers. The SEM image show a 10nm gold coated non-woven polypropylene filtration layer at 1400x magnification. Some SEM manufacturers have developed specific software applications for a fully automatic fibre diameter...

WHY IS SEM IMAGING USED TO STUDY NANOFIBRES? SEM imaging is an ideal tool to check the fibre surface properties and the structure of collagen networks. In general, a lot of organic and biological samples such as tissue, blood vessels and cartilage provide very interesting information when imaged by SEM. Such materials however are very poor electrical and thermal conductors...

WHY IS SEM IMAGING USED TO STUDY DIATOMS? Diatoms are used to help determine the origin of materials containing them. One important field of use is forensics. A typical application is to differentiate a death by submersion form a post-mortem immersion of a body in water. Because the composition of diatoms is specific for a specific location, a sample of...